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Compare Tajikistan (2003) - Bassas da India (2005)

Compare Tajikistan (2003) z Bassas da India (2005)

 Tajikistan (2003)Bassas da India (2005)
 TajikistanBassas da India
Administrative divisions 2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* (Khorugh), Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand)


note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses		 -
Age structure 0-14 years: 39.8% (male 1,376,244; female 1,353,108)


15-64 years: 55.5% (male 1,896,509; female 1,915,334)


65 years and over: 4.7% (male 140,993; female 181,564) (2003 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats -
Airports 66 (2002) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 13


2,438 to 3,047 m: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 53


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 14


under 914 m: 36 (2002)		 -
Area total: 143,100 sq km


land: 142,700 sq km


water: 400 sq km		 total: 0.2 sq km


land: 0.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Wisconsin about one-third the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Tajikistan has experienced three changes in government and a five-year civil war since it gained independence in 1991 from the USSR. A peace agreement among rival factions was signed in 1997, and implemented in 2000. The central government's less than total control over some areas of the country has forced it to compromise and forge alliances among factions. Attention by the international community in the wake of the war in Afghanistan has brought increased economic development assistance, which could create jobs and increase stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the early stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership and has joined NATO's Partnership for Peace. This atoll is a volcanic rock surrounded by reefs and is awash at high tide. A French possession since 1897, it was placed under the administration of a commissioner residing in Reunion in 1968.
Birth rate 32.78 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Budget revenues: $502 million


expenditures: $520 million, including capital expenditures of $86 million (2002 est.)		 -
Capital Dushanbe -
Climate midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains tropical
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 35.2 km
Constitution 6 November 1994 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan


conventional short form: Tajikistan


local long form: Jumhurii Tojikiston


local short form: Tojikiston


former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bassas da India
Currency somoni -
Death rate 8.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Debt - external $1 billion (2002 est.) -
Dependency status - possession of France; administered by the Administrateur Superieur of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Richard E. HOAGLAND


embassy: 10 Pavlova Street, Dushanbe, Tajikistan 734003; note - the embassy in Dushanbe is not yet fully operational; most business is still handled in Almaty at 531 Sayfullin Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan, telephone 7-3272-58-79-61, FAX 7-3272-58-79-68


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [992] (372) 21-03-48 (Dushanbe)


FAX: [992] (372) 21-03-62		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Khamrokhon ZARIPOV


chancery: 1725 K Sreet NW, Suite 409, Washington, DC 20006


telephone: [1] (202) 223-6090


FAX: [1] (202) 223-6091		 -
Disputes - international prolonged regional drought creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; boundary agreements signed in 2002 cede 1,000 sq km of Pamir Mountain range to China in return for China relinquishing claims to 28,000 sq km of Tajikistani lands; negotiations with China resolved the longstanding boundary dispute; talks have begun with Uzbekistan to demine and delimit border; disputes in Isfara Valley delay completion of delimitation with Kyrgyzstan claimed by Madagascar
Economic aid - recipient $60.7 million from US (2001) -
Economy - overview Tajikistan has the lowest per capita GDP among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 8% to 10% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises will further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 14.52 billion kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 3.909 billion kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 5.242 billion kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 14.18 billion kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 1.9%


hydro: 98.1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m


highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 2.4 m
Environment - current issues inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6% -
Exchange rates Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 2.7 (2002), 2.37 (2001), 2.08 (2000), 1.24 (1999), 0.78 (1998)


note: the new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles		 -
Executive branch chief of state: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992)


head of government: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 6 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president; Tajikistan held a constitutional referendum on 22 June 2003 that, among other things, set a term limit of two seven-year terms for the president


election results: Emomali RAHMONOV elected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 97%, Davlat USMON 2%		 -
Exports NA (2001) -
Exports - commodities aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles -
Exports - partners Netherlands 29.4%, Turkey 16.1%, Russia 11.9%, Uzbekistan 9.9%, Switzerland 9.3%, Hungary 5.4%, Latvia 4.2% (2002) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green; a gold crown surmounted by seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $8.476 billion (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 19%


industry: 26%


services: 55% (2002 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 9.1% (2002 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 39 00 N, 71 00 E 21 30 S, 39 50 E
Geography - note landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR the islands emerge from a circular reef that sits atop a long-extinct, submerged volcano
Highways total: 27,767 km


paved: NA


unpaved: NA (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.2%


highest 10%: 25.2% (1998)		 -
Illicit drugs major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption; Tajikistan seizes roughly 80 percent of all drugs captured in Central Asia and stands third world-wide in seizures of opiates (heroin and raw opium) -
Imports NA (2001) -
Imports - commodities electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs -
Imports - partners Russia 22.7%, Uzbekistan 18.4%, Ukraine 11.2%, Kazakhstan 10%, Turkmenistan 6.5%, Azerbaijan 5.7%, India 4.4% (2002) -
Independence 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) -
Industrial production growth rate 10.3% (2000 est.) -
Industries aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers -
Infant mortality rate total: 113.43 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 126.58 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 99.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 12% (2001 est.) -
International organization participation AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM, ITU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 4 (2002) -
Irrigated land 7,200 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) -
Labor force 3.187 million (2000) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 67.2%, industry 7.5%, services 25.3% (2000 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 3,651 km


border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 5.41%


permanent crops: 0.92%


other: 93.67% (1998 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all rock) (2001)
Languages Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business -
Legal system based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (33 seats; members are indirectly elected, 25 selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; all serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 27 February and 12 March 2000 for the Assembly of Representatives (next to be held NA 2005) and 23 March 2000 for the National Assembly (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 65%, Communist Party 20%, Islamic Rebirth Party 7.5%, other 7.5%; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 64.37 years


male: 61.39 years


female: 67.5 years (2003 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99.4%


male: 99.6%


female: 99.1% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Central Asia, west of China Southern Africa, islands in the southern Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from Madagascar to Mozambique
Map references Asia Africa
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Army, Air Force and Air Defense Force, Presidential National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $35.4 million (FY01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.9% (FY01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,704,457 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,397,188 (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2003 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 82,490 (2003 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991) -
Nationality noun: Tajikistani(s)


adjective: Tajikistani		 -
Natural hazards earthquakes and floods maritime hazard since it is usually under water during high tide and surrounded by reefs; subject to periodic cyclones
Natural resources hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold none
Net migration rate -3.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -
Pipelines gas 540 km; oil 38 km (2003) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV, chairman]; Islamic Revival Party [Said Abdullo NURI, chairman]; People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Social Democratic Party or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOIROV]; Socialist Party or SPT [Sherali KENJAYEV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV] -
Political pressure groups and leaders there are two unregistered political parties with 1,000 or more members: Progressive Party [Suton QUVVATOV]; Unity Party [Hikmatuko SAIDOV] -
Population 6,863,752 (July 2003 est.) uninhabited (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (2001 est.) -
Population growth rate 2.13% (2003 est.) -
Ports and harbors none none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002) -
Railways total: 482 km


broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge (2002)		 -
Religions Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the national network


domestic: cable and microwave radio relay


international: linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 363,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,500 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 13 (2001) -
Terrain Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest volcanic rock
Total fertility rate 4.17 children born/woman (2003 est.) -
Unemployment rate 40% (2002 est.) -
Waterways none -
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